1. D. Mostly fertile land was not a characteristic of Greece.
2. B. Mountains make up three fourths of Greece.
3. D. Barbarians is defined a life based upon farming, welfare, and tribal organization.
4. C. Massive rough-cut stones used to construct monuments and tombs are what defines a megalithic structure.
5. E. The term tribe refers to all of thee above.
6. D. All of these.
7. A. Greeks were the first European Barbarians to make contact with civilization.
8. C. China would not be considered a member of "Western Civilization" because China is on the far East.
9. D. The Ionian Sea is just west of the Greek mainland.
10. B. The Aegean Sea is located just east of the Greek mainland.
11. C. The major crops the Aegean people lived on were grains, vines, an olives.
12. B. The Mycenaean Civilization arose on the island of Crete.
13. A. The Mycenaean Civilization established settlements along the Greek mainlands southern shore.
14. A. The Mycenaean Civilization built massive walls to protect themselves from attack.
15. D. The Dark ages were a period in history in which the population dropped, ships no longer sailed, and writing fell out of use.
16. E. The Greeks joined the Phoenicians.
17. C. The letter "c" stands for circa.
18. A. Colonies dotted the coastline around the Mediterranean.
19. B. Greek city-states most closely resembled counties.
20. C. An oligarchy is a type of government in which a small group of citizens dominated.
21. A. A democracy was a form of government in which decisions were made by the majority of adult male citizens.
22. D. Tyranny is a form of government that is ruled by a self proclaimed dictator.
23. B. A monarchy is a form of government in which power is held by a single ruler, and is often passed down from father to son.
24. C. Spartans used an oligarchy as their government.
25. A. Spartans boys began their military training at age seven.
26. A. Athens was the wealthiest city-state in Ancient Greece.
27. C. Acropolis was the high fortified citadel and religious center of an ancient Greek town.
28. E. Sparta was located on the southern peninsula known as Peloponnesus.
29. E. Triremes were massive fighting ships.
30. B. Hoplites were heavily armed and armored citizens-soldiers of ancient Greece.
Short Answers
1. The Dark ages began around 1100 BCE. They ended around 700 BCE. Trade came almost to a halt.
2. Homer's story The Iliad was about the Trojan war. His story about a war hero attempting to get home was called The Odyssey.
3. The word "Mediterranean" originally meant "middle of the Earth".
4. Prominent and long-established land owners were called aristocrats.
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